The Duke Manual of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Surgery
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Editura: LWW
Limba: Engleza
Nr. pagini: 408
Coperta: Paperback
Dimensiuni: 15.27 x 1.52 x 22.86 cm
An aparitie: 22 Dec. 2020
Description:
Concise, authoritative, and easy to navigate, The Duke Manual of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Surgery offers a step-by-step, highly illustrated approach to the most commonly performed pediatric and strabismus operating room procedures. Ideal for pediatric and strabismus specialists, ophthalmic surgeons, trainees, and researchers, it contains practical guidance from experts at Duke University, making it an unparalleled “how-to” manual for the wide variety of cases and operative scenarios you may encounter.
Table of Contents:
SECTION I: ANESTHESIA AND PERIOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
1 Anesthesia and Perioperative Considerations in Pediatric Ophthalmology and Adult Strabismus
INTRODUCTION
Order of Surgical Cases
Impact of General Anesthesia on Pediatric Patients
Management of Pediatric Patient Stress and Anxiety Associated With General Anesthesia
Induction Methods
Risk of General Anesthesia in Early Childhood
ANESTHESIA IN ADULT STRABISMUS SURGERY
Commonly Used Agents for Local Anesthesia
Administration of Local Anesthetic
Risk of Retrobulbar Hemorrhage and Blood Thinner Management in Adult Strabismus Surgery
Postoperative Pain Control Following Strabismus Surgery
SECTION II: PEDIATRIC CATARACT SURGERY
2 Preoperative Considerations
PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION OF PEDIATRIC CATARACT
All Cataracts
Unilateral Cataracts
Bilateral Cataracts
Nonsurgical Management
SURGICAL PLANNING
3 Medications in Pediatric Cataract Surgery
PREOPERATIVE DILATING DROPS
EPINEPHRINE 1:1000 SOLUTION
TRYPAN BLUE
OPHTHALMIC VISCOELASTIC DEVICES
TRIAMCINOLONE
MIOTICS
INTRACAMERAL ANTIBIOTICS
INTRACAMERAL FILTERED AIR
SUBCONJUNCTIVAL INJECTIONS
SYSTEMIC STEROIDS
SYSTEMIC ACETAZOLAMIDE (DIAMOX)
TOPICAL POSTOPERATIVE MEDICATIONS
4 Optical Considerations in Aphakia and Pseudophakia
APHAKIC SPECTACLES
CONTACT LENS
INTRAOCULAR LENS
5 Cataract Surgery Without Intraocular Lens Implantation
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS (SEE CHAPTER 2)
Surgical Procedure (Video 5.1)
Incisions
Cataract Extraction
Incision Closure
6 Cataract Surgery With IOL and Management of Posterior Capsule
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
SURGICAL PROCEDURE (VIDEOS 6.1, 6.2)
Machine Settings
Incisions
Capsulorrhexis
Cataract Extraction
Intraocular Lens Implantation and Posterior Capsulotomy
Wound Closure
POSTOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
7 Pediatric Cataract With Special Considerations
UVEITIC CATARACT
Preoperative Considerations
Surgical Considerations
Postoperative Considerations
Traumatic cataract (see Chapter 26)
Preoperative Considerations
Surgical Considerations
PERSISTENT FETAL VASCULATURE (PFV)
Preoperative Considerations
Surgical Considerations
Postoperative Considerations
ECTOPIA LENTIS
Preoperative Considerations
Surgical Procedure (Video 7.1)
Postoperative Considerations
SMALL PUPIL
Preoperative Considerations
Surgical Considerations
8 Cataract Surgery Complications
CAPSULE TEARS
DROPPED LENS
ELEVATED INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE
INFECTION
VISUAL AXIS OPACITIES
WOUND LEAKS
IOL PROBLEMS
SECTION III: PEDIATRIC GLAUCOMA SURGERY
9 Preoperative Considerations
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
Which Type of Pediatric Glaucoma Does Your Patient Have?
When Is Glaucoma Surgery Necessary? Consider Surgery in Patients With:
SURGICAL PLANNING
EXAMINATION UNDER ANESTHESIA (EUA)
IOP Measurement
Anterior Segment Examination
Cycloplegic Retinoscopy
Ophthalmoscopy
Ultrasonography
Photography
10 Angle Surgery
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
SURGICAL APPROACHES
Ab Externo Approach
Ab Interno Approach
SURGICAL PROCEDURES
Ab Externo Approach
Ab Interno Approach
POSTOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
Complications (see Chapter 15)
11 Glaucoma Drainage Device Surgery
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
SURGICAL PLANNING
SURGICAL PROCEDURE: GLAUCOMA DRAINAGE DEVICE IMPLANTATION WITH PATCH GRAFT (Video 11.1)
POSTOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
12 Trabeculectomy
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
SURGICAL PROCEDURE (VIDEO 12.1)
Trabeculectomy With MMC (Fig. 12.1)
POSTOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS (SEE CHAPTER 15)
Bleb Management
Postoperative Infections
13 Cyclodestructive Procedures
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
Preoperative Examination
Preoperative Counseling
SURGICAL PROCEDURE
Transscleral Diode Cyclophotocoagulation
Endoscopic Diode Cyclophotocoagulation
POSTOPERATIVE CARE
Postoperative Drop Regimen
14 Glaucoma Surgery: Special Cases
ANIRIDIA WITH EARLY-ONSET GLAUCOMA (OR PHENOTYPICALLY SIMILAR ANTERIOR SEGMENT DESPITE NON-ANIRIDIC GENOTYPE)
ANTERIOR SEGMENT DYSGENESIS WITH CORNEAL OPACITY AND COMPROMISED ANTERIOR CHAMBER (eg, PETERS ANOMALY OR SIMILAR CASES)
EYES WITH GLAUCOMA IN SETTING OF ELEVATED EPISCLERAL VENOUS PRESSURE (USUALLY PORT WINE MARK-ASSOCIATED, WITH OR WITHOUT TRUE STURGE WEBER SYNDROME)
15 Glaucoma Surgery: Postoperative Management, Complications, and Prognosis
ANGLE SURGERY (GONIOTOMY OR TRABECULOTOMY) (SEE CHAPTER 10)
GLAUCOMA DRAINAGE DEVICE (SEE CHAPTER 11)
TRABECULECTOMY (SEE CHAPTER 12)
CYCLODESTRUCTIVE PROCEDURE (TRANSSCLERAL CYCLOPHOTOCOAGULATION) (SEE CHAPTER 13)
SECTION IV: PEDIATRIC CORNEA SURGERY
16 Corneal Limbal Dermoids
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
SURGICAL PROCEDURE (FIG. 16.1 AND VIDEO 16.1)
POSTOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
17 EDTA Chelation for Band Keratopathy
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
SURGICAL PROCEDURE:1–5
POSTOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
18 Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
SURGICAL PROCEDURE
Standard Corneal Cross-Linking: Dresden Protocol
Standard Corneal Cross-Linking: Alternative Protocol (A-CXL)
Transepiethelial Corneal Cross-Linking
POSTOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
19 Corneal Transplantation in Children
PREOPERATIVE DECISION-MAKING
ENDOTHELIAL KERATOPLASTY
Preoperative Considerations
Surgical Procedure
Postoperative Management
PENETRATING KERATOPLASTY
Preoperative Considerations
Surgical Procedure (Video 19.1)
Postoperative Management
SECTION V: OTHER PEDIATRIC ANTERIOR SEGMENT SURGERIES
20 Conjunctival Lesions and Conjunctivoplasty
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
SURGICAL PROCEDURE: INCISIONAL BIOPSY
SURGICAL PROCEDURE: EXCISIONAL BIOPSY (VIDEO 20.1)
SURGICAL PROCEDURE: TRAUMATIC CONJUNCTIVAL LACERATION REPAIR
SURGICAL PROCEDURE: OCULAR SURFACE REPAIR WITH AMNIOTIC MEMBRANE (VIDEOS 16.1 AND 20.1)
21 Iridectomy and Sphincterotomy
SURGICAL IRIDECTOMY AND SPHINCTEROTOMY
PERIPHERAL IRIDECTOMY
OPTICAL IRIDECTOMY: SECTOR OR COMPLETE IRIDECTOMY
SPHINCTEROTOMY
SECTION VI: PEDIATRIC TRAUMA
22 Pediatric Trauma: Preoperative Considerations
OCULAR TRAUMA
EXAMINATION
ORBITAL FRACTURES
23 Lid and Canalicular Laceration Repairs
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
CANALICULAR LACERATIONS
EYELID LACERATIONS NOT INVOLVING THE CANALICULUS
COMPLEX EYELID LACERATIONS
24 Traumatic Hyphema
ETIOLOGY
INITIAL EVALUATION
MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
FOLLOW-UP
Sequelae of Traumatic Hyphema
25 Pediatric Open Globe Repair
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
Open Globe Injury Classification1,2
Examination
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT1,6-8
Anterior Segment Surgical Reconstruction
Posterior Segment Surgical Reconstruction
POSTOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS (SEE CHAPTER 27)
26 Pediatric Traumatic Cataract
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
Examination
Timing of Surgery
When to Consider IOL Implantation (see Chapter 4)
SURGICAL PROCEDURE
Surgical Planning
Surgical Approach: IOL and Anterior Vitrectomy (see Chapter 6)
Surgical Approach: No IOL Placement (see Chapter 5)
POSTOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
27 Pediatric Trauma: Postoperative Management
TIMING OF SUTURE REMOVAL
OPTICAL REHABILITATION
MEDICATIONS
EYE PROTECTION
PROGNOSIS
SECTION VII: PEDIATRIC POSTERIOR SEGMENT
28 Retinopathy of Prematurity
ROP SCREENING
IMAGING IN ROP
TREATMENT OF ROP
Long-term follow-up and complications
29 Nonaccidental Trauma (Shaken Baby Syndrome)
EPIDEMIOLOGY
HISTORY
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS (TYPICALLY NONSPECIFIC)
OPHTHALMOLOGIC FINDINGS
MANAGEMENT
LABORATORY TESTING AND RADIOLOGIC STUDIES
PROGNOSIS
30 Retinoblastoma
BACKGROUND
CLASSIFICATION
DIAGNOSIS
MANAGEMENT
31 Retinal Detachments and Vitrectomy
HISTORY
EXAMINATION
DIAGNOSTIC TESTING
SURGICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Scleral Buckling with Cryotherapy and Possible Subretinal Fluid Drainage
General Vitrectomy Combined with Scleral Buckling Procedure (Fig. 31.4)
SURGICAL PROCEDURES
Scleral buckle
Vitrectomy (Video 31.1):
SECTION VIII: PEDIATRIC OCULOPLASTICS
32 Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction
DISEASE DESCRIPTION/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
MANAGEMENT OPTIONS
NONSURGICAL TREATMENT
INDICATIONS FOR SURGERY
SURGICAL PROCEDURES
Nasolacrimal Duct Probing and Irrigation (Video 32.1)
Nasolacrimal Duct Balloon Dilation (Fig. 32.3)
Nasolacrimal Intubation
Nasal Turbinate Infracture
Dacryocele and Nasal Endoscopy
POSTOPERATIVE CARE
PROGNOSIS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
33 Dermoid Cyst Removal
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
Physical Examination
Imaging
SURGICAL PROCEDURE: EXCISIONAL BIOPSY OF DERMOID CYST
POSTOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
34 Lid Lesions
PEDIATRIC LID LESIONS
Preoperative Considerations
CHALAZION
Preoperative Considerations
Surgical Planning
Surgical Procedure
Postoperative Considerations
CAPILLARY HEMANGIOMA
Preoperative Considerations
Treatment Options
EPIDERMAL INCLUSION CYSTS
Preoperative Considerations
Surgical Planning
Surgical Procedure
Postoperative Considerations
Molluscum contagiosum
Preoperative Considerations
Surgical Planning
Surgical Procedure
Postoperative Considerations
PAPILLOMA
Preoperative Considerations
Surgical Planning
Procedure
Postoperative Considerations
PYOGENIC GRANULOMA (LOBULAR CAPILLARY HEMANGIOMA)
Preoperative Considerations
Surgical Planning
Procedure
Postoperative Considerations
35 Tarsorrhaphy
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
Surgical Planning
SURGICAL PROCEDURE
Temporary Tarsorrhaphy
Permanent Tarsorrhaphy1,2
POSTOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
Reversal of Tarshorrhaphy
36 Epiblepharon Repair
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
Indications for Surgery
Conservative Therapy for Patients Who Do Not Require Surgery
Surgical Planning
SURGICAL PROCEDURE: LOWER LID INCISIONAL EPIBLEPHARON REPAIR WITH OR WITHOUT ROTATING SUTURE TECHNIQUE (VIDEO 36.1)
SURGICAL PROCEDURE: RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION OF LASHES
POSTOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
37 Enucleation
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
Surgical Planning
SURGICAL PROCEDURE: ENUCLEATION (VIDEO 37.1)
POSTOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
38 Pediatric Ptosis Repair: Frontalis Suspension
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF POOR LEVATOR FUNCTION
HISTORY
PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT
PREOPERATIVE COUNSELING
SURGICAL PLANNING
SURGICAL PROCEDURE: FRONTALIS SLING WITH SILICONE ROD (SEE ALSO CHAPTER 41) (VIDEO 38.1)
POSTOPERATIVE INSTRUCTIONS
POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS
39 Pediatric Ptosis Repair: Levator Resection
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
SURGICAL PROCEDURE (VIDEO 39.1)
POSTOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
40 Pediatric Ptosis Repair: Muller Muscle Conjunctival Resection
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
Select Appropriate Patients
Preoperative Documentation
Preoperative Counseling
SURGICAL PROCEDURE
POSTOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
41 Pediatric Ptosis Repair: Blepharophimosis Syndrome
EXAMINATION AND SURGICAL PLANNING
PTOSIS
Frontalis Sling Surgical Procedure
Postoperative Care
EPICANTHAL FOLDS
Y-TO-V ADVANCEMENT FLAP WITH MEDIAL CANTHAL TENDON PLICATION
Surgical Procedure
Postoperative Care
FOUR FLAP OR “RUNNING MAN” TECHNIQUE
Surgical Procedure
Postoperative Care
TELECANTHUS
Transnasal Wiring Surgical Procedure
Postoperative Care
SECTION IX: STRABISMUS SURGERY
42 The Basics
ANATOMY1,2 (FIG. 42.1)
ANESTHESIA (SEE CHAPTER 1)
POSITIONING—SURGEON AND PATIENT
PREPPING AND DRAPING
FORCED DUCTION AND EXAGGERATED TRACTION TESTING
SUTURES/NEEDLES/INSTRUMENTS
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
SURGICAL GUIDELINES FOR STRABISMUS SURGERY
43 Conjunctival Incisions and Muscle Isolation
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
SURGICAL PROCEDURE: LIMBAL INCISION AND MUSCLE ISOLATION (VIDEO 43.1)
SURGICAL PROCEDURE: FORNIX (CUL-DE-SAC) INCISION AND MUSCLE ISOLATION (VIDEOS 44.1 AND 45.1)
OTHER TYPES OF INCISIONS (FIG. 43.1; TABLE 43.1)
CHALLENGES IN CONJUNCTIVAL CLOSURE AND OTHER PEARLS
44 Weakening Rectus Muscles
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
SURGICAL PLANNING
SURGICAL PROCEDURE: RECESSION1 (VIDEO 44.1)
Surgical Procedure: Hang-Back Recession1
Marginal Myotomy/Z-Plasty1,6
POSTOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
45 Strengthening Rectus Muscles
INTRODUCTION
PREOPERATIVE SURGICAL PLANNING
RECTUS RESECTION (VIDEO 45.1)
PLICATION (RECTUS TUCK) (VIDEO 45.2)
RECTUS ADVANCEMENT
POSTOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
46 Inferior Oblique Procedures
WEAKENING OF THE INFERIOR OBLIQUE: MYECTOMY, RECESSION, ANTERIORIZATION, AND EXTIRPATION
Preoperative Considerations
Surgical Procedure: Inferior Oblique Exposure and Isolation (Video 46.1)
SURGICAL PROCEDURE: INFERIOR OBLIQUE MYECTOMY (VIDEO 46.1)
Surgical Procedure: Inferior Oblique Recession
Surgical Procedure: Inferior Oblique Recession and Anteriorization
Inferior Oblique Extirpation
Surgical Procedure: Inferior Oblique Extirpation
INFERIOR OBLIQUE ADVANCEMENT
Preoperative Considerations
Surgical Procedure: Inferior Oblique Advancement (Video 59.1)
Postoperative Considerations
47 Superior Oblique Procedures
SUPERIOR OBLIQUE MUSCLE
SUPERIOR OBLIQUE EXPOSURE
SO WEAKENING PROCEDURES
Tenotomy (Video 47.1)
Spacer (Fig. 47.3)
SO STRENGTHENING PROCEDURES
Tuck (Fig. 47.5)7
Harada-Ito Procedure8,9
Harada-Ito Fell’s Modification (Figs. 47.6B and 47.7)
48 Adjustable Sutures in Strabismus Surgery
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
INTRAOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
SURGICAL PROCEDURE: ADJUSTABLE SUTURE (VIDEO 48.1)
ADJUSTMENT TIMING
POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT
POTENTIAL COMPLICATIONS
49 Posterior Fixation Sutures
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
SURGICAL PROCEDURE
Posterior Fixation without Recession
Posterior Fixation with Recession
Adjustable Fadenoperation (Figs. 49.7 and 49.8)
Augmented Transposition
POSTOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
50 Paralytic Strabismus
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
Important Historical Elements to Consider
Eye Examination Pearls in the Patient With Paralytic Strabismus
Role of Imaging and Neurologic Workup in Patients With Paralytic Strabismus (See Chapter 57)
Timing of Surgical Intervention in Patients With Paralytic Strabismus
Determine Realistic Preoperative Goals for Surgical Repair of Paralytic Strabismus
OPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
Surgical Planning
Types of Surgical Procedures to Employ (Where Applicable See Separate Chapters)
Full-Tendon Transposition: Entire Rectus Muscle Transposed to a Position Adjacent to Paralytic Muscle
Alternatives to Full-Tendon Transposition
Surgical Considerations in the Impairment Management of Sixth Nerve Palsy
Surgical Considerations for the Management of Fourth Nerve Palsy
Surgical Considerations for the Management of Third Nerve Palsy
POSTOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
51 Pattern Strabismus
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
Types of Patterns1,2:
Craniosynostosis and Pattern Strabismus
52 Duane Retraction Syndrome
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
DRS CLASSIFICATION
CLASSIC FINDINGS IN DRS
SURGICAL PLANNING IN DRS (FIG. 52.1)
UNILATERAL ESOTROPIC DRS
BILATERAL ESOTROPIC DRS
UNILATERAL EXOTROPIC DRS
SIGNIFICANT OVERSHOOTS
BILATERAL EXOTROPIC DRS
SYNERGISTIC DIVERGENCE
ORTHOTROPIC DRS
53 Nystagmus Surgery
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
SURGICAL PROCEDURES
Preoperative Assessment
SURGERIES TO ADDRESS HEAD POSTURES
Horizontal Head Postures1,3-7
Vertical Head Postures1,7-11,16
Head Tilt1,10-12,15
Multiplanar Head Postures1-13,16
SURGERY TO INDUCE CONVERGENCE1,12,16
SURGERIES TO DAMPEN NYSTAGMUS
Tenotomy With Reattachment1,2,14,16
Large Horizontal Recti Recessions4,15,16
Excision of the Horizontal Recti17
Strabismus and Nystagmus Surgery1,2,14,16,18
Without Abnormal Head Posture
With Abnormal Head Posture
54 Strabismus Surgery Complications
INTRODUCTION
INFECTION
ANTERIOR SEGMENT ISCHEMIA
SCLERAL PERFORATION
OVER AND UNDER CORRECTIONS (SEE CHAPTER 59)
Slipped Muscle
Lost Muscle
Scar Remodeling/Stretched Insertion Scar
Fat Adherence Syndrome
Deviations From Large Surgical Corrections
CONJUNCTIONAL ABNORMALITIES
Displaced Plica Semilunaris
Fibrosis and Adhesions
POSTOPERATIVE LESIONS
Pyogenic Granuloma (Lobular Capillary Hemangioma) (Fig. 54.4)
Tenon Capsule Exposure
Conjunctival Epithelial Inclusion Cyst (Fig. 54.6)
55 Pharmacologic Management of Strabismus
MIOTICS / PARASYMPATHOMIMETICS (ECHOTHIOPHATE IODIDE [0.125%])
CYCLOPLEGICS (ATROPINE SULFATE [0.5-1%] AND HOMATROPINE [5%])
ONABOTULINUM TOXIN A (BOTOX/BTX)
BUPIVACAINE (BPX)
SYSTEMIC TREATMENTS
56 Sensorimotor Considerations for Strabismus Surgery
PRE- AND POSTOPERATIVE SENSORIMOTOR MANAGEMENT
Optical Manipulation—Pediatric
Optical Manipulation—Adult
Fresnel Prisms
Ground-in Prism
Blurring Options
Computer Orthoptic Exercises
57 Imaging in Strabismus
DIAGNOSTIC CONSIDERATIONS
INDICATIONS FOR IMAGING
Apparent Congenital Strabismus
Acquired Strabismus
Chronic Strabismus in an Older Child or Adult
Variable Strabismus
Strabismus Reoperations
58 Adult Strabismus Surgery: Special Considerations
PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
Patient Expectations
SURGICAL PROCEDURE
Anesthesia
Location of Incision
Managing Scarring
Adjustable Sutures
POSTOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
Postoperative Diplopia
Post-op Spectacles
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
59 Complex Strabismus Pearls
GENERAL PEARLS FOR COMPLEX STRABISMUS
STRABISMUS IN THYROID EYE DISEASE (TED)
STRABISMUS SURGERY AFTER SCLERAL BUCKLE (SB)
STRABISMUS SURGERY WITH GLAUCOMA DRAINAGE DEVICE (GDD)
SURGICAL PROCEDURE: STRABISMUS SURGERY WITH GDD (VIDEO 59.2)
SLIPPED, LOST, SEVERED, TRAUMATIZED MUSCLES (SEE ALSO CHAPTER 54)
Slipped and Lost Muscles
Pulled-in-two Syndrome (PITS)
Extraocular Muscle Trauma
OCULOMOTOR NERVE (CN III) PALSY
General Considerations
Surgical Plans for Isolated Muscle Involvement in CN III Palsy
Surgical Plans for Multiple Muscle Involvement
Surgical Plans for Complete (or Near Complete CN III Palsy)
SURGICAL ERRORS AND MIX-UPS
Index
An aparitie | 22 Dec. 2020 |
Autor | Laura Enyedi , Nandini Gandhi , Tammy Yanovitch |
Dimensiuni | 15.27 x 1.52 x 22.86 cm |
Editura | LWW |
Format | Paperback |
ISBN | 9781975158064 |
Limba | Engleza |
Nr pag | 408 |
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