Pocket Interventional Radiology

 

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Description:

Publisher's Note: Products purchased from 3rd Party sellers are not guaranteed by the Publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. Pocket Interventional Radiology is a practical, high-yield reference offering current, evidence-based practices and expert guidance in this fast-growing area. Featuring an easy-to-use, loose-leaf format, it contains key clinical information regarding the workup of patients, imaging, and necessary procedural details, including physical exam tips and tricks, medication information, and pre- and post-procedure patient management.

 

Table of Contents:

PERI-OPERATIVE WORKUP

CONTRAST, SEDATION, ANALGESIA

CONTRAST

General Types of Contrast

Premedication for Contrast Reactions (ACR Manual on Contrast Media 2017)

Contrast Reactions (ACR Manual on Contrast Media 2017)

Sedation and Analgesia (Radiographics 2013;33:E47–60)

Intraprocedural Monitoring

Postprocedural Monitoring

Patient-Controlled Analgesia

DRUGS IN INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY

BACKGROUND

Anticoagulants (Whalen K. Lippincott Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology. 6th ed. Baltimore, MD: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2014; Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 2011)

Antiplatelets (Whalen K. Lippincott Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology. 6th ed. Baltimore, MD: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2014; Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 2011)

Antihypertensives (Whalen K. Lippincott Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology. 6th ed. Baltimore, MD: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2014; Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer, 2011)

Antibiotics (ABX) (JVIR 2010;21:1611–30)

Prophylaxis for Common IR Procedures

Vasodilators (Whalen K. Lippincott Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology. 6th ed. Baltimore, MD: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2014; Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer, 2011)

Thrombolytics (Whalen K. Lippincott Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology. 6th ed. Baltimore, MD: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2014; Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer, 2011)

Medications that Reduce Peristalsis (Whalen K. Lippincott Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology. 6th ed. Baltimore, MD: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2014; Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer, 2011)

Antiemetics (Whalen K. Lippincott Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology. 6th ed. Baltimore, MD: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2014; Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer, 2011)

NONINVASIVE IMAGING

NONINVASIVE VASCULAR IMAGING MODALITIES

Ultrasound

Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA)

Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA)

Imaging Techniques

THYROID GLAND

Thyroid Nodules

LYMPH NODES

Indeterminate Lymph Node

CHEST

Pleural Effusion

Radiographic and Sonographic Imaging Findings in Pleural Effusion

Computed Tomography

Imaging Findings in CT to Distinguish Empyema From Lung Abscess

Pneumothorax

Imaging Techniques

ABDOMEN AND PELVIS

Ascites

Hemoperitoneum

Abscess

Common Causes of Intraabdominal Abscess

Imaging Findings

AORTA AND VASCULATURE

Background

Classifications

Complications

Imaging Findings

Ultrasound

Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA)

3D Contrast-Enhanced MRA

Management

THE LIVER

Background

Imaging Appearance of the Normal Liver

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Cirrhosis

Focal Liver Lesions (FLL)

HCC

Metastasis

Cholangiocarcinoma

Imaging of Post Microinvasive Local Treatment

Imaging of Liver Transplant

Imaging of Posttransplant Liver

THE PANCREAS

Acute Pancreatitis and Indications for Intervention

THE SPLEEN

Background

Imaging Findings

Splenic Abscess

Splenomegaly

Splenic Artery Aneurysm

THE ADRENAL GLANDS

Adrenal Adenoma

KIDNEYS

Background

Imaging

Cystic Kidney Lesions

Solid Kidney Lesions

Hydronephrosis

Renal Artery Imaging

Renal Transplant Evaluation

Imaging of Kidney Intervention-Related Complications

Imaging of Acute Renal Infection

Imaging

REFERENCES

DEVICES (WIRES AND CATHETERS)

VASCULAR IR DEVICES

Access Needles

Coaxial Micropuncture Set

Peel-away Sheath

Central Venous Lines

Guidewires

Dilators

Catheters

Sheaths

Embolization

Balloons

Vascular Stents

NONVASCULAR IR DEVICES

Biopsy Needles

Other Biopsy

Nonvascular Catheters

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

VASCULAR ACCESS

PREPROCEDURE MANAGEMENT

ARTERIAL ACCESS

Background

Access Points

Creating Arterial Access

Postprocedure Management

Venous Access

Common Sites of Venous Access

Postprocedural Management

Types of Central Venous Access

Complications during Central Venous Catheter Placement

Complications After Central Venous Catheter Placement

Lymphangiograms

HEMOSTASIS

BODY INTERVENTIONS

DRAINAGES

Background

Indications

Contraindications

Image Guidance Options

Catheter Routes for Pelvic Collections

Techniques

Catheter Size

Considerations for Hepatic or Renal Abscess Drainage

Treatment Considerations for Ascites

Postprocedure Care of Drainage Catheters

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

BIOPSIES

Thyroid Biopsies

Background

Indications

Procedure

Results

Complications

Post Procedure Care

ACR Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS)

ADDITIONAL RESOURCE

RENAL BIOPSIES

Focal Renal Biopsy

Background

INDICATIONS (BJUI 2011;10(9):867–72; Urology 2012;79:372–78; Urol Oncol 2017;35:87–91)

Procedure

Results (Eur Urol 2016;69:660–73)

Complications (Eur Urol 2016;69:660–73)

NONFOCAL RENAL BIOPSY

Background

Indications

Contraindications

Procedure (Percutaneous)

Procedure (Transjugular) (Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2008;31:906–18)

Results

Complications (Am J Kidney Dis 2012;60(1):62–73)

Transjugular (Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2008;31:906–18)

LIVER BIOPSIES

Focal Hepatic biopsy

Background

Indications (Radiol Clin N Am 2015;53:1049–59)

Contraindications

Procedure (Radiol Clin N Am 2015;53:1049–59; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2010;21:1539–47)

Results (J Vasc Interv Radiol 2010;21:1539–47)

Complications

NONFOCAL HEPATIC BIOPSY

Background

Indications

Contraindications

Procedure (Percutaneous)

Procedure (Transjugular) (Diagn Interv Imaging 2014;95:11–5)

Results

Complications

LUNG BIOPSIES

Background (Radiol Clin N Am 2017;55:1163–81)

Indications (Insights Imaging 2017;8:419–28; Radiology 2017;284:228–43)

Contraindications (Insights Imaging 2017;8:419–28)

Procedure (Insights Imaging 2017;8:419–28; 4)

Post Biopsy Care (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 2016)

Results

Complications

MESENTERIC LYMPH NODE AND OMENTAL BIOPSIES

Background

Indications (J Vasc Interv Radiol 2017;28:1569–76; Eur J Radiol 2009; 70:331–35; World J Surg Oncol 2013;11:251; Radiology 2011;261(1):311–7; Ultrasound Q 2011;27:255–68)

Procedure (J Vasc Interv Radiol 2017;28:1569–76; Ultrasound Q 2011;27:255–68)

Results

MUSCULOSKELETAL INTERVENTIONS

ARTHROGRAPHY—GENERAL PRINCIPLES

Background

Indications

Contraindications

Equipment

Supplies

Medications

Complications

Useful Hints

Postprocedure Care

PAIN MANAGEMENT—GENERAL PRINCIPLES

Background

Indications

Contraindications

Equipment

Supplies

Medications

Viscosupplementation

Complications

Useful Hints

Postprocedure Care

ARTHROCENTESIS—GENERAL PRINCIPLES

Background

Indications

Contraindications

Equipment

Supplies

Medications

Complications

Useful Hints

Postprocedure Care

COMMON JOINTS—TECHNIQUE

Hip

Shoulder

Knee

LESS COMMON JOINT—TECHNIQUE

Ankle

Elbow

Wrist

Foot

Sacroiliac (SI) Joint Injection

Acromioclavicular (AC) Joint

Sternoclavicular (SC) Joint

SPINE INJECTIONS

See Interventional Pain Management Chapter for More Details

Nerve Root Block

Facet Injection

CT GUIDED BONE PROCEDURES—GENERAL PRINCIPLES

Background

Indications

Contraindications

Equipment

Supplies

Sedation

Complications

Useful Hints

Postprocedure Care

CT-GUIDED BONE PROCEDURES—TECHNIQUE

1) Bone Marrow Aspiration and Biopsy

1) Bone Lesion Biopsy

Metastatic Disease

Osteomyelitis/Spondylodiscitis

US GUIDED PROCEDURES—GENERAL PRINCIPLES

Indications

Contraindications

Equipment

Supplies

Medications

Complications

Useful Hints

1) Bursal Injection

2) Perineural Injection

3) Peritendinous/Periligamentous Injection

ARTERIAL INTERVENTIONS

PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE

Definition

Etiology & Risk Factors

Pathophysiology: Mechanisms of vessel lumen occlusion

Clinical Manifestation

Physical Exam

Noninvasive Studies

Imaging

Treatment of PAD

ACUTE OCCLUSIVE DISEASE OF UPPER EXTREMITY

Background

Etiologies

Presentation

Physical Exam

Diagnosis

Treatment

ACUTE OCCLUSIVE DISEASE OF THE LOWER EXTREMITY

Background

Etiology

Presentation

Diagnosis

Treatment

ACUTE MESENTERIC ISCHEMIA

Background

Etiology

Clinical Presentation

Physical Exam

Diagnosis

Treatment

CHRONIC MESENTERIC ISCHEMIA

Background

Etiology

Clinical Presentation

Physical Exam

Diagnosis

Duplex US—Initially (Overview of Intestinal Ischemia in Adults. In: UpToDate. 2017, UpToDate)

US Velocity Criteria

Treatment

MANAGING BYPASS GRAFTS

BASIC ENDOVASCULAR PRE-, PERI-, & POSTOP MANAGEMENT

Preoperative Management

Intraop Care

Complications

Postoperative Care

ANGIOGRAPHY

Introduction

Indications

Basic Vascular Access and Angiography Operative Technique

Angioplasty

Background

Indications

Angioplasty Operative Technique (Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. 4th ed. Principles of Angioplasty. Edinburgh: Elsevier; 2017; PocketRadiologist: Inventional Top 100 Procedures. 1st ed. A. Inc. 2003, Salt Lake City, Utah: W.B. Saunders Company; Atlas of Vascular Anatomy: An Angiographic Approach. 2th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2007)

Intraoperative Difficulty (Arterial Interventions: Peripheral Arterial Disease. Interventional Radiology Procedures 2017 5/10/2017]; Available from: https://www.irprocedures.com; Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. 4 ed. Principles of Angioplasty. 2017, Edinburgh: Elsevier)

Complications

STENTING

Background

Stenting Operative Technique (Arterial Interventions: Peripheral Arterial Disease. Interventional Radiology Procedures 2017 5/10/2017]; Available from: https://www.irprocedures.com; Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. 4 ed. Principles of Angioplasty. 2017, Edinburgh: Elsevier)

Intraoperative Difficulty (Arterial Interventions: Peripheral Arterial Disease. Interventional Radiology Procedures 2017 5/10/2017]; Available from: https://www.irprocedures.com; Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. 4 ed. Principles of Angioplasty. 2017, Edinburgh: Elsevier)

Complications

ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSMS

Background

Etiology

Clinical Presentation

Physical Exam

Diagnosis (Ann Intern Med 1997;126(6):441–9)

Treatment

EVAR OPERATIVE TECHNIQUE

Operative Planning/Graft Selection (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. 4th ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011)

Procedure (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. 4th ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011)

EVAR Postoperative Care

THORACIC AORTIC ANEURYSMS

Background

Classifications (Essentials of General Surgery. 5 ed. Diseases of the Vascular System. 2013: Wolters Kluwer; Management of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm in Adults, in UpToDate. 2017, UpToDate)

Etiology

Clinical Presentation

Physical Exam

Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

TEVAR Operative Technique

TEVAR Postoperative Care

Endoleaks

AORTIC DISSECTIONS

Background

Etiology

Clinical Presentation

Physical Exam

Diagnosis

Treatment

VENOUS INTERVENTIONS

VENOUS THROMBOLYSIS

Background

Indications (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. 2011: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; J Vasc Intervent Radiol 2014;25(9):1317–25)

Contraindications (J Vasc Intervent Radiol 2014;25(9):1317–25)

Preprocedure Preparation/Workup (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. 2011: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)

Procedure Technique (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. 2011: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)

Postprocedural Care (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. 2011:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)

Villalta Scoring System (J Vasc Surg 2013;57(1):254–61)

Complications (J Vasc Intervent Radiol 2014;25(9):1317–25)

Landmark studies (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. 2011: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; Lancet 2012;379(9810):31–8; N Engl J Med 2017;377(23):2240–52)

PULMONARY THROMBOLYSIS/THROMBECTOMY

Background

Indications for Catheter-Directed Therapy (Circulation 2011;123(16):1788–30; Chest 2012;141(2 suppl):7S–47S; Eur Heart J 2014;35(43):3033–69)

Preprocedure Preparation/Workup (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. 2011: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)

Pulmonary Angiography Technique (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. 2011: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)

Endovascular Techniques

Complications (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. 2011: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)

CHRONIC VENOUS SYNDROMES

Background

Paget–Schroetter Syndrome (Effort Thrombosis) (Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2016;6(6):582–92)

Secondary Upper-Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis (Catheter-Related)

Superior Vena Cava Syndrome (J Roentgenol 2009;193(2):549–58)

Iliocaval Thrombosis and May–Thurner Syndrome (Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2016;6(6):582–92)

Portal Vein Thrombosis (J Vasc Intervent Radiol 2017;28(12):1714–21)

RENAL AND GENITOURINARY INTERVENTIONS

NEPHROSTOMY AND NU PLACEMENT

Background

Indications to Intervene

Indications for Stent Placement (Yonsei Med J 2003;44(2):273–8; J Endourol 2010;24(7):1189–93; J Endourol 2000;14(7):583–87)

Workup of the Patient Requiring Nephrostomy/NU Placement

Contraindications (J Vascu Intervent Radiol 1997;8(5):769–74; AJR Am J Roentgenol 1998;170(5):1169–76)

Whitaker Test (Am J Roentgenol 1980;134(1):9–15)

Determining the Catheter Type

Procedure Technique (Machan. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011)

Technical Notes

Special Notes about NU/double J

Nephrostomy Exchange

Dislodged Catheters

Special Cases of PCN

Complications

Postprocedural Care

Tips and Tricks

RENOVASCULAR STENTING

Background (Abrams’ Angiography: Interventional Radiology. 2006: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)

Demographics (J Am Coll Cardiol 2004;43(9):1606–13; Kidney Int Suppl 1975:S153–60; JAMA 1972;220(9): 1209–18)

Workup of Patients with RVH

Specific Imaging Features to Evaluate

Fibromuscular Dysplasia

Indications to Not Intervene

Indications for Intervention

Indications for Stenting

Preprocedural Care

Procedure Technique (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011:205–213)

Types of Stents

Intraoperative Notes

Intraoperative Images that Should be Taken

Complications

Endpoints of Procedure (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011:205–213)

Postprocedural Care

RENAL VEIN SAMPLING

Background

Indications

Contraindications

Physiology

Workup of Patients Undergoing Renal Vein Sampling

Procedure Technique

Complications

Postprocedural Care

RENAL ARTERY EMBOLIZATION

Background (Image-Guided Interventions E-Book: Expert Radiology Series. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013:404–410)

Indications

Workup of the Patient Undergoing Embolization

Special Note about Aneurysms

Contraindications

Complications

Embolization Equipment

Technique (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011)

Postoperative Management

DIALYSIS ACCESS INTERVENTIONS

Background (Image-Guided Interventions E-Book: Expert Radiology Series. 2013: Elsevier Health Sciences; Abrams’ angiography: interventional radiology. 2006: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)

Additional Notes About Grafts/Fistulas

Dialysis Access Surveillance (guidelines by KDOQI) (Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2009;4(1):86–92)

Indications for Intervention (ACR-SIR Practice Guideline for Endovascular Management of the Thrombosed or Dysfunctional Dialysis Access. Digest of Council Actions)

When to Stent (KDOQI guidelines)

Workup for Intervention

Contraindications

Physical Examination

Types of Dialysis Access (Am J Roentgenol 2015;205(4):726–34)

Technique (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: 2011)

Fistulogram

Technique: Declotting/Stenting

Closing the Access

Goals and Outcomes

Complications and Management

Postoperative Care

Tips and Tricks

SUPRAPUBIC BLADDER CATHETERIZATION

Background

Indications

Contraindications

Workup

Technique

Complications

Postoperative Care

Tips and Tricks

PROSTATE ARTERY EMBOLIZATION (PAE)

Background

Indications

Contraindications

Workup

Advantages of PAE Over Surgery

Technique

Postoperative Care

Results and Complications

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

HEPATOBILIARY INTERVENTIONS

PORTAL HYPERTENSION

Definition (J Hepatol 2012;57:458–61; World J Gastroenterol 2017;23(10):1735–46; Clin Liver Dis 2001;5:617–27; Semin Liver Dis 1986;6:309–17)

Epidemiology and Etiology (J Hepatol 2012;57:458–61; World J Gastroenterol 2017;23(10):1735–46; Clin Liver Dis 2001;5:617–27; Semin Liver Dis 1986;6:309–17; Clinics in liver disease 2014;18(2):281–91; Int J Hepatol 2012;2012:895787; Child CG, Turcotte JG. The liver and portal hypertension. In: CG Child, ed. Surgery and Portal Hypertension. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 1964:50–4; Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;7:141–55)

Portosystemic Collateral Pathways (Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;7:141–55; J Clin Exp Hepatol 2012;2(4):338–52; Clin Liver Dis 2005;9(4):685–13, vii.; CMAJ 2006;174(10):1433–43; Dig Dis 2016;34(4):382–6; Clinical radiology 2015;70(10):1047)

Diagnostic Studies (World J Gastroenterol 2017;23(10):1735–46; Clin Liver Dis 2001;5:617–27; Semin Liver Dis 1986;6:309–17; Clin Liver 2014;18(2):281–91; Int J Hepatol 2012;2012:895787; Child CG, Turcotte JG. The liver and portal hypertension. In: CG Child, ed. Surgery and Portal Hypertension. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 1964:50–4; Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;7:141–55; J Clin Exp Hepatol 2012;2(4):338–52; J Clin Exp Hepatol 2012;2(4):338–52)

Clinical Manifestations/Prognosis (Clin Liver Dis 2001;5:617–27; Hepatology 2007;45(3):797–05; World J Gastroenterol 2012;18(11):1166–75; J Hepatol 2002;36(4):494–500)

Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD)

Treatment and Management (Clin Liver Dis 2005;9(4):685–13, vii.; CMAJ 2006;174(10):1433–43; Dig Dis 2016;34(4):382–6; Clinical radiology 2015;70(10): 1047; Clin Liver Dis 2014;18(2):451–76; Hepatology 2007;45(3):797–05; World J Gastroenterol 2012;18(11):1166–75; J Hepatol 2002;36(4):494–500)

TRANSJUGULAR INTRAHEPATIC PORTOSYSTEMIC SHUNT (TIPS)

Background (Semin Intervent Radiol 2014;31(3):235–42; Am J Roentgenol 2012;199(4):746–55)

Patient Selection (Semin Intervent Radiol 2014;31(3):235–42; Am J Roentgenol 2012;199(4): 746–55; Am J Gastroenterol 2003;98:1167–74; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016;27(1):1–7; J Vasc Interv Radiol 1997;8(5):733–44; Semin Intervent Radiol 1995;12:337–46; Semin Intervent Radiol 2015;32(2):123–32; AJR 2006;186:1138–43; J Hepatol 2006;44(1):217–31)

Preprocedural Work-Up (J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016;27(1):1–7; J Vasc Interv Radiol 1997;8(5):733–44; Semin Intervent Radiol 1995;12:337–46)

Anatomic Considerations (Radiology 1994;191:705–12; Gut 2010;59(7):988–1000; Hepatology 2009;51:306; AJR 2005;85:89–91)

Technical Procedure (Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. 4th ed. Elsevier; 2016; Radiology 1994;191:705–12; Gut 2010;59(7):988–1000; Hepatology 2009;51:306; AJR 2005;185:89–91)

Procedure (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016)

Postprocedural Management (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011)

Procedural Complications (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Hepatology 1998;28(2):416–22; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2009;20:180–85)

Long-Term Complications (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Hepatology 1998;28(2):416–22; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2009;20:180–85; Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006;18:1135; Semin Intervent Radiol 2012;29(2):118–28; Semin Intervent Radiol 2011;28(3):303–13)

Surveillance (AJR Am J Roentgenol 2008;191(6):1751–7; Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006;18:1135–41; Semin Intervent Radiol 2012;29(2):118–28; Semin Intervent Radiol 2011;28(3):303–13)

BALLOON-OCCLUDED RETROGRADE TRANSVENOUS OBLITERATION

Background (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Semin Intervent Radiol 2012;29(2):118–28; Semin Intervent Radiol 2011;28(3):303–13 © Thieme Medical Publishers, 2011; Semin Intervent Radiol 2011;28(3):333–8; Am J Roentgenol 2012;199(4):721–9; Radiol Case Rep 2016;11(4):365–9; J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016;31:727e33; Semin Intervent Radiol 2011;28:288–95; Am J Gastroenterol 1989;84(10):1244–9)

Indications (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Semin Intervent Radiol 2012;29(2):118–28; Semin Intervent Radiol 2011;28(3):303–13 © Thieme Medical Publishers, 2011; Semin Intervent Radiol 2011;28(3):333–8; Am J Roentgenol 2012;199(4):721–9; Radiol Case Rep 2016;11(4):365–9; J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016;31:727e33; Semin Intervent Radiol 2011;28:288–95; Am J Gastroenterol 1989;84(10):1244–9)

Contraindications (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Semin Intervent Radiol 2012;29(2):118–28; Semin Intervent Radiol 2011;28(3):303–13 © Thieme Medical Publishers, 2011; Semin Intervent Radiol 2011;28(3):333–8; Am J Roentgenol 2012;199(4):721–9; Radiol Case Rep 2016;11(4):365–9; J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016;31:727e33; Semin Intervent Radiol 2011;28:288–95; Am J Gastroenterol 1989;84(10):1244–9)

Preprocedural Work-Up (Semin Intervent Radiol 2011;28(3):303–13 © Thieme Medical Publishers, 2011; Semin Intervent Radiol 2011;28(3):333–8; Am J Roentgenol 2012;199(4):721–9; Radiol Case Rep 2016;11(4):365–9; J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016;31:727e33; Semin Intervent Radiol 2011;28:288–95; Am J Gastroenterol 1989;84(10):1244–9; Hepatology 1992;16(6):1343–9; Gastroenterology 2004;126(4):1175–89; Semin Intervent Radiol 2011;28:288e95; J Gastroenterol 2007;42:663e72; Dig Dis Sci 2015;60:1543e53; J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016;31:727e33; Hepatology 1989;9(6):808–14; Hepatology 2001;33(4):821–25; Semin Intervent Radiol 2011;28(3):325–32; Semin Intervent Radiol 2011;28(3):288–95)

Technical Procedure (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011)

Procedure (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011)

Plug/Coil-Assisted Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration (J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016; 27(1):1–7)

Postprocedural (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008;23:1702–9; AJR Am J Roentgenol 2007;189:W365–72)

Follow-up (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008;23:1702–9; AJR Am J Roentgenol 2007;189:W365–72)

TRANSJUGULAR LIVER BIOPSY

Background (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; J Hepatol 2007;47:284–94; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2001;12:583–7; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2007;18:237–41; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2008;19:351–8; Indian J Radiol Imaging 2008;18(3):245–8; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2015:26(2):S84)

Indications (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016; J Hepatol 2007;47:284–94; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2001;12:583–7)

Relative Contraindications (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016; J Hepatol 2007;47:284–94; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2001;12:583–7)

Preprocedural Evaluation (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016)

Anatomy (J Hepatol 2007;47:284–94; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2001;12:583–7; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2007;18:237–41; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2008;19:351–8)

Transvenous Pressure Measurements (Indian J Radiol Imaging 2011;21(4):291–3; Clin Mol Hepatol 2014;20(1):6–14; Clin Liver Dis 2006;10:499–512; Semin Liver Dis 2006;26:348–62)

Equipment (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016)

Procedure (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016)

Complications (J Hepatol 2007;47:284–94; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2001;12:583–7; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2007;18:237–41; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2008;19:351–8; Indian J Radiol Imaging 2008;18(3):245–8; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2015:26(2):S84)

Postprocedural management (Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016)

LIVER TRANSPLANTATION

Background (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016; Am J Transplant 2013;13(9):2384–94; Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2014;4(5). pii: a015602; Transplantation 1997;63(2):250–5; AJR Am J Roentgenol 1995;165(5):1145–9; Transplantation 1994;57(2):228–31; AJR Am J Roentgenol 1986;147(4):657–63)

Indications

Contraindications

Types of Liver Transplantation (Am J Transplant 2013;13(9):2384–94; Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2014;4(5). pii: a015602; Transplantation 1997;63(2):250–5; AJR Am J Roentgenol 1995; 65(5):1145–9; Transplantation 1994;57(2):228–31; AJR Am J Roentgenol 1986;147(4):657–63; J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;28:18–25; Am J Surg 1991;161(1):76–83; Liver Transpl 2006;12:330–51; AJR Am J Roentgenol 2004;183(6):1577–84)

Liver Transplant Anatomy (Am J Transplant 2013;13(9):2384–94; Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2014;4(5). pii: a015602; Transplantation 1997;63(2):250–5; AJR Am J Roentgenol 1995;165(5):1145–9; Transplantation 1994;57(2):228–31; AJR Am J Roentgenol 1986;147(4):657–63)

Liver Transplant Complications (Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016; Am J Transplant 2013;13(9):2384–94; Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2014;4(5). pii: a015602; Transplantation 1997;63(2):250–5; AJR Am J Roentgenol 1995;165(5):1145–9; Transplantation 1994;57(2):228–31; AJR Am J Roentgenol 1986;147(4):657–63; J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;28:18–25; Am J Surg 1991;161(1):76–83; Liver Transpl 2006;12:330–51; AJR Am J Roentgenol 2004;183(6):1577–84; HPB (Oxford) 2004;6(2):69–75; World J Hepatol 2016;8(1):36–57; Transplant Proc 1997;29:2853–55; Liver Transpl 2001;7:75–81)

Hepatic Arterial Stenosis (Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016; Am J Transplant 2013;13(9):2384–94; Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2014;4(5). pii: a015602; Transplantation 1997;63(2):250–5; AJR Am J Roentgenol 1995;165(5):1145–9; Transplantation 1994;57(2):228–31; AJR Am J Roentgenol 1986;147(4):657–63; J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;28:18–25; Am J Surg 1991;161(1):76–83; Liver Transpl 2006;12:330–51; AJR Am J Roentgenol 2004;183(6):1577–84; HPB (Oxford) 2004;6(2):69–75; World J Hepatol 2016;8(1):36–57; Transplant Proc 1997;29:2853–5; Liver Transpl 2001;7:75–81)

Hepatic Arterial Thrombosis (HAT) (Liver Transpl 2001;7:75–81; Transplant Proc 2006;38:2111–6; Transpl Int 2011;24:949–57)

Hepatic Artery Pseudoaneurysm (Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016; Transpl Int 2011;24:949–57)

Technical Procedure (Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016; AJR Am J Roentgenol 1995;165(5):1145–9; Transplantation 1994;57(2):228–31; AJR Am J Roentgenol 1986;147(4):657–63; J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;28:18–25)

Follow-up (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Semin Intervent Radiol 2004;21(4):221–33)

Portal Venous Stenosis (PVS) (Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016; Am J Transplant 2013;13(9):2384–94; Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2014;4(5). pii: a015602; Transplantation 1997;63(2):250–5; AJR Am J Roentgenol 1995;165(5):1145–9; Transplantation 1994;57(2):228–31; AJR Am J Roentgenol 1986;147(4):657–63; J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;28:18–25; Am J Surg 1991;161(1):76–83; Liver Transpl 2006;12:330–51; AJR Am J Roentgenol 2004;183(6):1577–84; HPB (Oxford) 2004;6(2):69–75; World J Hepatol 2016;8(1):36–57; Transplant Proc 1997;29:2853–5; Liver Transpl 2001;7:75–81; Transplant Proc 2006;38:2111–6; Transpl Int 2011;24:949–57; Radiographics 2003;23:1093–114; Ann Ital Chir 2001;72(2):187–205; Semin Intervent Radiol 2004;21(4):221–33; J Vasc Interv Radiol 1990;1:17–22)

Technical Procedure (Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016)

Portal Venous Thrombosis (PVT) (Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016; Am J Transplant 2013;13(9):2384–94; Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2014;4(5). pii: a015602; Transplantation 1997;63(2):250–5; AJR Am J Roentgenol 1995;165(5):1145–9; Transplantation 1994;57(2):228–31; AJR Am J Roentgenol 1986;147(4):657–63; J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;28:18–25; Am J Surg 1991;161(1):76–83; Liver Transpl 2006;12:330–51; AJR Am J Roentgenol 2004;183(6):1577–84; HPB (Oxford) 2004;6(2):69–75; World J Hepatol 2016;8(1):36–57; Transplant Proc 1997;29:2853–5; Liver Transpl 2001;7:75–81)

Technical Procedure (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016)

IVC/Hepatic Vein Stenosis (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Am J Transplant 2013;13(9):2384–94; Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2014;4(5). pii: a015602; Transplantation 1997;63(2):250–5; AJR Am J Roentgenol 1995;165(5):1145–9; Transplantation 1994;57(2):228–31; AJR Am J Roentgenol 1986;147(4):657–63; J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;28:18–25; Am J Surg 1991;161(1):76–83; Liver Transpl 2006;12:330–51; AJR Am J Roentgenol 2004;183(6):1577–84; HPB (Oxford) 2004;6(2):69–75; World J Hepatol 2016;8(1):36–57; Transplant Proc 1997;29:2853–5; Liver Transpl 2001;7:75–81; Transplant Proc 2006;38:2111–6) Transpl Int 2011;24:949–57; Radiographics 2003;23:1093–114; Ann Ital Chir 2001;72(2):187–05; Semin Intervent Radiol 2004;21(4):221–33; J Vasc Interv Radiol 1990;1:17–22; AJR Am J Roentgenol 2011;196(3 Suppl):WS15–25 Quiz S35–8; Radiology 2005;236:352–9; AJR Am J Roentgenol 1999;173:215–19; Radiographics 2001;21(5):1085–102)

Technical Procedure

PERCUTANEOUS TRANSHEPATIC CHOLANGIOGRAM

Background (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; J Gastrointest Surg 2011;15(4):623–30; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016;27(7):1056–69)

Indications (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; J Gastrointest Surg 2011;15(4):623–30; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016;27(7):1056–69)

Contraindications (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011)

Anatomy

Preprocedural Evaluation (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. 2011: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; Tech Vasc Interv Radiol 2006;9:69–76; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2010;21:611–30; J Gastrointest Surg 2011;15(4):623–30; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016;27(7):1056–69; World J Gastroenterol 2007;13(29):3948–55; Indian J Palliat Care 2016;22(4):378–87; Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015;16(6):2543–6; Gut Liver 2014;8(5):526–35; World J Gastrointest Oncol 2016;8(6):498–508; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2010;21(6):789–95; Radiographics 2002;22(2):305–22; World J Gastroenterol 2007;13:3531–39; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2008;19(9):1328–35; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2003; 14(9 Pt 2):S243–6; Endoscopy 2009;41:323–8)

Equipment (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011)

Procedure (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016)

Procedural Imaging Findings (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011)

Complications (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; World J Gastroenterol 2007;13(29):3948–55)

PERCUTANEOUS BILIARY DRAIN PLACEMENT

Background (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Tech Vasc Interv Radiol 2006;9:69–76; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2010;21:611–30; J Gastrointest Surg 2011;15(4):623–30; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016;27(7):1056–69; World J Gastroenterol 2007;13(29):3948–55; Indian J Palliat Care 2016;22(4):378–87; Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015;16(6):2543–6; Gut Liver 2014;8(5):526–35; World J Gastrointest Oncol 2016;8(6):498–508; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2010;21(6):789–95; Radiographics 2002;22(2):305–22; World J Gastroenterol 2007;13:3531–9; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2008;19(9):1328–35; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2003; 14(9 Pt 2):S243–6)

Indication (Kandarpa K. Handbook of interventional radiologic procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016)

Contraindication (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016)

Relative

Pre-evaluation (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2016; Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016)

Equipment

Procedure (Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016)

Postprocedure Management (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011)

Major Complications (World J Gastroenterol 2007;13(29):3948–55)

Troubleshooting (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016)

Percutaneous Biliary Stent Placement (Tech Vasc Interv Radiol 2006;9:69–76; Radiology 1990;177: 793–7; Gastrointest Endosc 2010;72(5):915–23; Gastrointest Endosc 1993;39:43–9; Radiographics 1993;13:1249–63)

BISMUTH–CORLETTE CLASSIFICATION

Indications (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016; Radiology 1996;201(1): 167–72; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2014;25(12):1912–20; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2003;14(11):1409–16; Radiology 1990;177:793–7; Gastrointest Endosc 2010;72(5):915–23)

Contraindications (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016; Radiology 1996;201(1):167–72; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2014;25(12):1912–20; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2003;14(11):1409–16; Radiology 1990;177:793–7; Gastrointest Endosc 2010;72(5):915–23)

Equipment

Procedure (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016)

Postprocedure Management (Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016)

Major Complications (Radiographics 2002;22(2):305–22; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2008;19(9):1328–35)

Complications related to the biliary stent

CHOLANGIOGRAM AT THE LEVEL OF THE CBD DEMONSTRATED BILIARY DILATATION WITH EXTRINSIC COMPRESSION OF THE COMMON HEPATIC DUCT BY A MASS

INTERNAL/EXTERNAL BILIARY DRAIN CONVERSION TO “Y” BILIARY STENT CONFIGURATION

Fluoroscopically Guided Conversion of Internal–External Biliary Drains for Bilateral Internal Biliary Stents “Y-Configuration” Resulting in Internal Biliary Decompression

PERCUTANEOUS CHOLECYSTOSTOMY

BACKGROUND (Archives of Surgery 1999;134(7):727–32; HPB (Oxford) 2009;11(3):183–93; N Engl J Med 1994;330:403–8; Am J Surg 1983;146:719–22; AJR Am J Roentgenol 1997;168:1247–51)

Indications (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016; Kaufman J, Lee M. Vascular and Interventional Radiology: The Requisites. Elsevier; 2016; Archiv Surg 1999;134(7):727–32)

Contraindications (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Kessel D, Robertson I. Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier; 2016; Kaufman J, Lee M. Vascular and Interventional Radiology: The Requisites. Elsevier; 2016; Archiv Surg 1999;134(7):727–32)

Preprocedure Evaluation (AJR Am J Roentgenol 1997;168:1247–51; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2010;21(6):789–95; Hepatogastroenterology 2010;57(97):12–7; Hepatogastroenterology 2010;57(97):12–7)

Technique (Kandarpa K. Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011)

Complications (AJR Am J Roentgenol 1997;168:1247–51; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2010;21(6):789–95; Hepatogastroenterology 2010;57(97):12–7; Hepatogastroenterology 2010;57(97):12–7)

Postprocedure Management (Kaufman J, Lee M. Vascular and Interventional Radiology: The Requisites. Elsevier; 2016)

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

GASTROINTESTINAL INTERVENTIONS

NONVASCULAR ESOPHAGEAL INTERVENTIONS

Background

Esophageal Strictures (Image-Guided Interventions E-Book Expert Radiology Series. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2006;17:831–5; Abrams’ Angiography: Interventional Radiology. LWW; 2013; Am J Gastroenterol 2008;103;570–4)

Workup for Esophageal Balloon Dilation and Stent Placement (Image-Guided Interventions E-Book Expert Radiology Series. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2006;17:831–5; Abrams’ Angiography: Interventional Radiology. LWW; 2013; Am J Gastroenterol 2008;103;570–4; Am J Roentgenol 2009;193:W278–82)

Balloon Dilation and Stent Placement Technique (J Vasc Interv Radiol 2006;17:831–5; Abrams’ Angiography: Interventional Radiology. LWW; 2013; Am J Gastroenterol 2008;103;570–4; Am J Roentgenol 2009;193:W278–82; RadioGraphics 2003;23:89–105; Handbook of interventional radiologic procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2005;16:1705–9; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2001;12:283–97)

Balloon Dilation and Stent Placement Technical Notes (Abrams’ Angiography: Interventional Radiology. LWW; 2013; Handbook of interventional radiologic procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011)

Complications of Balloon Dilation and Stent Placement (RadioGraphics 2003;23:89–105; Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Am J Roentgenol 1997;169:1281–4; Am J Roentgenol 2012;198:453–9)

Postprocedure Care (Image-Guided Interventions E-Book Expert Radiology Series. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2006; RadioGraphics 2003;23:89–105)

Esophageal Varices (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011)

Fluoroscopic-Guided Esophageal Foreign-Body Removal (Image-Guided Interventions E-Book Expert Radiology Series. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013; J Vasc Interv Radiol 1998;9:95–103)

NONVASCULAR LOWER INTESTINAL INTERVENTION

Background

Colorectal Strictures

Colonic Fistulas

UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE

Background

Relevant Anatomy (Semin Interv Radiol 2009;26:167–74)

Initial Evaluation (Gastrointest Endosc 2012;75:1132–8)

Indications for Catheter Directed Angiography (CDA) and Intervention

Contraindications for Catheter Directed Angiography (CDA) and Intervention

Preprocedure Workup

Procedural Technique

Identifying Site of Hemorrhage

Selection of Embolic Agent

Technical Notes

Provocative Angiography for Occult Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage (Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2007;30:1042–6; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2010;21:477–83)

Complications

Postprocedural Care

LOWER INTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE

Background

Relevant Anatomy (Semin Interv Radiol 2009;26:167–74)

Initial Evaluation (Am J Gastroenterol 2016;111:459–74)

Indication for Catheter-Directed Angiography (CDA) and Intervention (Am J Gastroenterol 2016;111:459–74)

Contraindications for Catheter-Directed Angiography (CDA) and Intervention

Preprocedural Workup

Procedural Technique (Image-Guided Interventions E-Book Expert Radiology Series. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013)

Identifying Site of Hemorrhage

Technical Notes

Provocative Angiography for Occult Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage

Complications

Postprocedural Care

MESENTERIC ISCHEMIA

Acute Mesenteric Ischemia and Chromic Mesenteric Ischemia

Background

Relevant Anatomy

Indications for Endovascular Intervention (Image-Guided Interventions E-Book Expert Radiology Series. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013; J Vasc Surg 2009;50(2):341–8.e1)

Contraindications to Intervention (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011)

Initial Evaluation (Image-Guided Interventions E-Book Expert Radiology Series. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013; Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; World J Gastroenterol WJG 2006;12:3243–7)

Preprocedure Management (Image-Guided Interventions E-Book Expert Radiology Series. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013; Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011)

Procedural Technique (Image-Guided Interventions E-Book Expert Radiology Series. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013; Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2002;13:P149–54)

Diagnostic Angiography (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2002;13:P149–54)

Therapeutic Intervention (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2002;13:P149–54)

SMV and Portal Vein Thrombosis (Abrams’ Angiography: Interventional Radiology. LWW; 2013)

Acute Mesenteric Ischemia due to Aortic Dissection

Complications (Image-Guided Interventions E-Book Expert Radiology Series. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013; Abrams’ Angiography: Interventional Radiology. LWW; 2013)

Postprocedure Care (Image-Guided Interventions E-Book Expert Radiology Series. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013; Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011)

PANCREATIC INTERVENTION

Background

Complications of Pancreatitis (Image-Guided Interventions E-Book Expert Radiology Series. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013; Pol Przegl Chir 2015;87:485–90; RadioGraphics 2005;25:S191–211)

Complications of Pancreatic Cancer

Vascular Complications of Pancreatic Transplantation (Abrams’ Angiography: Interventional Radiology. LWW; 2013)

GASTROINTESTINAL FEEDING INTERVENTION

Fluoroscopic-Guided Nasogastric/Nasojejunal Tube Placement

Background (Gastroenterology 2011;141:742–65)

Clinical and Preprocedural Workup (J Vasc Interv Radiol 2012;23:727–36; Essential Clinical Procedures: Expert Consult. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013)

Indications (Interventional Critical Care: A Manual for Advanced Care Practitioners. Springer; 2016)

Contraindications (J Vasc Interv Radiol 2012;23:727–36; Laryngoscope 2014;124:916–20)

Type of Nasogastric Tubes (Interventional Critical Care: A Manual for Advanced Care Practitioners. Springer; 2016)

Procedural Technique (Gastroenterology 2011;141:742–65; Interventional Critical Care: A Manual for Advanced Care Practitioners. Springer; 2016; Interventional Radiology: A Survival Guide. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2016)

Troubleshooting (Gut 2003;52:vii1–12)

Complications (Gastroenterology 2011;141:742–65; Interventional Critical Care: A Manual for Advanced Care Practitioners. Springer; 2016)

Postprocedural Care (Interventional Critical Care: A Manual for Advanced Care Practitioners. Springer; 2016; Interventional Radiology Procedures in Biopsy and Drainage. Springer London; 2011)

PERCUTANEOUS GASTROINTESTINAL TUBE PLACEMENT

Percutaneous Gastrostomy

Types of Percutaneous Gastrostomy Tubes (Gut 2003;52:vii1–12; Clin Radiol 2003;58:398–405)

Background (Interventional Radiology Procedures in Biopsy and Drainage. Springer London; 2011)

Clinical and Preprocedural Workup (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Gastroenterology 2011;141:742–65; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2012;23:727–36; Essential Clinical Procedures: Expert Consult. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013; Gut 2003;52:vii1–12)

Contraindications (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011, Gastroenterology 2011;141:742–65; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2012;23:727–36; Semin Interv Radiol 2004;21:181–9; Vascular and Interventional Radiology: The Requisites. 2nd ed. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013)

Radiologically Inserted Gastrostomy (RIG) Procedural Technique (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Gastroenterology 2011;141:742–65; Clin Radiol 2003;58:398–405)

Per-Oral Image-Guided Gastrostomy (PIG/pull gastrostomy) Procedural Technique (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Gut 2003;52:vii1–12)

Troubleshooting (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Gut 2003;52:vii1–12; WJG 2014;20:8505–24)

Complications (WJG 2014;20:7739–51; Radiology 1995;197:699–704)

Postprocedural Care (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Gut 2003;52:vii1–12; Clin Radiol 2003;58:398–405; World J Gastroenterol 2014;WJG 20:7739–51)

Percutaneous Gastrojejunostomy

Indications (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Clin Radiol 2003;58:398–405)

Types (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011)

Procedural Technique (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011)

Complications (Gastroenterology 2011;141:742–65)

Percutaneous Jejunostomy

Background (Gastroenterology 2011;141:742–65)

Indications (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Gastroenterology 2011;141:742–65)

Procedural Technique (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Gastroenterology 2011;141:742–65; Radiology 1998;209:747–54; Hepatology 57:1651–3)

Complications (Gastroenterology 2011;141:742–65)

Percutaneous Cecostomy

Indications (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2012;23:727–36)

Procedural Technique (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011)

Complications (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011)

REFRACTORY ASCITES

Background (Hepatology 2013;57:1651–3; J Hepatol 2010;53(3):397–417; Semin Interv Radiol 2012;29: 129–34; Ann Surg 2004;239:883–91; Am J Transplant 2005;5:1886–92)

Management of Refractory Ascites (Hepatology 2013;57:1651–3; J Hepatol 2010;53(3):397–417; Semin Interv Radiol 2012;29:129–34; Ann Surg 2004;239:883–91; Am J Transplant 2005;5:1886–92)

PERITONEOVENOUS SHUNTING

Background (Am J Transplant 2005;5:1886–92)

Clinical and Preprocedural Workup (Semin Interv Radiol 2012;29:129–34)

Indications (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011; Semin Interv Radiol 2012;29:129–34; J Vasc Interv Radiol; 2014;25:S127; J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2017;5:538–46; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2013;24:1073–4)

Contraindications (Semin Interv Radiol 2012;29:129–34)

Components (Semin Interv Radiol 2012;29:129–34; Ann Surg 1974;180:580–90)

Procedural Technique (Semin Interv Radiol 2012;29:129–34; Eur Radiol 2002;12:1188–92)

Complications (Semin Interv Radiol 2012;29:129–34; Eur Radiol 2002;12:1188–92; Arch Surg 1982;117:924–8; J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007;22:2161–6; J Pediatr Surg 2011;46:315–9; Arch Surg 1982;117:631–5; Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2011;34:980–8; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2015; 26:S39)

Postprocedural Care

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

PEDIATRIC INTERVENTIONS

GYNECOLOGIC INTERVENTIONS

UTERINE ARTERY EMBOLIZATION

Uterine Fibroid Embolization

Procedure

Technical Notes

Postprocedure Management

Complications

Follow-Up

Outcomes (Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014;(12):CD005073; Obstet Gynecol 2005;106:933-9)

Other Applications of Uterine Artery Embolization

Ovarian Vein Embolization for Pelvic Congestion Syndrome

Fallopian Tube Recanalization (Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2004;16:221–9; Radiographics 2000;20:1759–68)

Technique—Fallopian Tube Recanalization

IR and Special Considerations in Pregnancy (J Vasc Interv Radiol 2012;23:19–32)

TRAUMATIC LIVER INJURIES

TRAUMATIC SPLEEN INJURIES

Background

Workup

Imaging

Treatment

Indications for Angioembolization

Procedure Technique

Expected Outcomes/Results

Complications

BRONCHIAL ARTERY EMBOLIZATION

Background

Indications

Contraindications

Imaging and Anatomic Considerations

Preprocedural Workup (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. 2011: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)

Procedure Technique

Postprocedural Care

Results

Complications

EXTREMITY TRAUMA

Background

Workup

Indications for Angiography

Procedure Technique

PELVIC TRAUMA

Background

Workup and Initial Management

Indication for Angioembolizations

Contraindications

Anatomy and Imaging Findings

Procedure and Technique

Results

Complications

THORACIC DUCT EMBOLIZATION

Background

Anatomic Considerations

Indications for Lymphangiogram and Potential Embolization

Contraindications (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. 2011: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)

Preprocedural Workup

Procedure Technique

Postprocedural Care (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. 2011: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)

Results

Complications

APPROACH TO THE TRAUMA PATIENT

Background

Initial Assessment and Resuscitation (Advanced Trauma Life Support Program for Physicians. 9th ed. Chicago, IL: 2012)

Labs

Imaging Modalities

Imaging Findings in Trauma

Treatment

Indication for Angioembolization

Technique (Semin Intervent Radiol 2010;27(1):14–28)

NEUROINTERVENTIONS

INTERVENTIONAL ONCOLOGY

INTRODUCTION TO THERMAL ABLATION METHODS

Background

Radiofrequency Ablation (J Vasc Inter Radiol 2010;21:S179–86; Radiographics 2014;35:1344–62)

Cryoablation (Radiographics 2014;35:1344–62; Breast Cancer Res Treat 1999;53(2):185–92; Urology 2002; 60 (suppl 1):S40–9; Surgery 2010;147(5):686–95; Ann Surg 2000;231(5):752–61)

Microwave Ablation (Radiographics 2014;35:1344–62; Radiographics 2005;25:S69–83; Am J Roentgenol 2009;192(2):511–4)

HEPATIC TUMOR ABLATION

Background

Patient Selection (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 537–48)

Preprocedural Workup (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 537–48)

Technical Procedure

Postprocedural Care

Complications (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 537–48)

Surveillance

Results

RENAL TUMOR ABLATION

Patient Selection

Preprocedural Workup

Technical Procedure

Postprocedural Care

Complications

Surveillance (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 548–54)

Results (J Urol 2008;179:1227–33; BJU Int 2012;110:1438–43; J Vasc Interv Radiol 2008;19:1311–20; Cancer 2008;113:2671–80; European Urolog 2015;67:252–9)

PULMONARY TUMOR ABLATION

Background (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 530–7; Key Statistics for Lung Cancer. Retrieved from https://www.cancer.org/cancer/non-small-cell-lung-cancer/about/key-statistics.html#written_by)

Patient Selection (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 530–7)

Preprocedural Workup (Radiology 2007;243:268–75; Ann Surg Oncol 2006;13:1529–37)

Technical Procedure

Postprocedural Care (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 530–7)

Complications (Semin Intervent Radiol 2013;30:169–75)

Surveillance (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 530–7)

Results

TRANSARTERIAL EMBOLIZATION AND CHEMOEMBOLIZATION FOR UNRESECTABLE HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA AND METASTATIC LIVER DISEASE

Background (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 258–62; Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 263–9)

Patient Selection (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 258–62; Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 263–9)

Preprocedural Workup (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 258–62; Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 263–9)

Technical Procedure (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 258–62; Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 263–9)

Postprocedural Care (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 258–62; Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 263–9)

Complications (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 258–62; Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 263–9)

Surveillance (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 258–62; Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 263–9)

Results

RADIOEMBOLIZATION TREATMENT OF UNRESECTABLE HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA AND METASTATIC LIVER DISEASE

Background (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 269–75)

Differences between SIR-Spheres and Theraspheres

Patient Selection (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 269–75)

Pre-Procedural Workup (Handbook of Interventional Radiologic Procedures. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer; 269–75)

Technical Procedure

Postprocedural Care

Complications and Management

Results

INTERVENTIONAL PAIN MANAGEMENT

Chronic Pain

Background (Clin J Pain 1993;9:174–82; Classification of Chronic Pain: Descriptions of Chronic Pain Syndromes and Definition of Pain Terms. 2nd ed. Seattle, WA: IASP Press; 1994; Spine 1995;20:11–9; Pain Physician 2013;16:S1–48; Pain Physician 2013;16:S49–283)

Etiologies and Presentation (Clin J Pain 1993;9:174–82; Classification of Chronic Pain: Descriptions of Chronic Pain Syndromes and Definition of Pain Terms. 2nd ed. Seattle, WA: IASP Press; 1994; N Eng J Med 2001;344:262–70; Radiology 2016;281(3):669–88; Spine 2004;29:17–25; N Eng J Med 2008;358:818–25; Joint Bone Spine 2006;73:151–8; Spine 2008;33(23):2560–5)

Axial vs. Radicular Pain

Evaluation (N Eng J Med 2001;344:262–70; Radiology 2016;281(3):669–88; Spine 1995;20:2613–25; Radiology 2005;237:597–04; J Bone Joint Surg Am 1990;72(3):403–8)

Management (Pain Physician 2013;16:S49–283; N Eng J Med 2001;344:262–70; N Eng J Med 2008;358:818–25; Spine J 2013;13(11):1438–48; Spine J 2017;17(10):1480–8; Spine 2009;34(10):1094–109; Spine 2009; 34(10);1066–77)

SPINAL INJECTIONS

Background

Patient Selection (Radiology 2016;281(3):669)

Preprocedural Workup

ESI/SNRB

Procedural Preparation

Technical Procedures

Postprocedural Care

Complications (Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med 2008;1(3–4):212)

Facet and SI Joint Injections

Procedural Preparation

Technical Procedures

Postprocedural Care

Complications (Pain Physician 2012;15(2):E143–50; PMR 2012;4(7):473–8)

STELLATE GANGLION BLOCKS

Background (Brit J Anesth 1955;27:616–21; AJR 1992;158:655–9; Pain Physician 2000;3(3):294–304)

Patient Selection

Preprocedural Workup

Technical Procedure (Pain Physician 2000;3(3):294–304; Clin J Pain 2002;18(4):216–33; BMJ 1998;316(7134):792–3; Reg Anesth 1997;22(3):287–90; Pain 2000;87(1):103–5; Lancet Oncol 2008;9(6):523–32; Clin Cardiol 1985;8: 111–3; Circulation 2000;102:742–7; Circulation 2010;121:2255–62; Circulation 2004;109:1826–33; N Engl J Med 2008;358:2024–9; Pain Physician 2004;7:327-–31; J Anaesthesia 2011;55:52–6; Acta Anaesth Belg 2016;67:1–5)

Postprocedural Care

Complications (Pain Physician 2000;3(3):294–304)

PRIAPISM

Definition

Physiology

Etiology (J Urol 2003;170:1318–24)

Clinical Manifestations

Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Additional Resources

ICU AND FLOOR MEDICINE

Hypertension

Background

Compelling Indications (NEJM 2006;355:385)

Special Populations

Second-Line Agents

Medication Side-Effects

Common Comorbidities

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

Coronary Heart Disease (CAD)

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

Introduction to Ventilators

Background

Modes

Parameters

Complications

Other Types of Oxygen Delivery

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

INTRODUCTION TO VASOPRESSORS

Shock

INTRODUCTION TO SEPSIS

Definition

Introduction to Cardiac Intensive Care

ON CALL ISSUES

CONSULTS

Background

Evaluation

Postprocedure Pain Management

Background (JVIR 2003;14:1373–85)

Evaluation

Treatment (Anesthesiology 2013;118:251–70; JPAIN 2016;17(2):131–57)

Postoperative Fever

Background (Weed H & Baddour L, Postoperative Fever. In: UpToDate, Post TW (Ed), UpToDate, Waltham, MA, Accessed October 31, 2017)

Evaluation

BLEEDING FROM PUNCTURE SITE

Evaluation

Treatment

SECURING A CATHETER

Background

Technique (NEJM 2007;357;e15)

REMOVING A TUNNELED CENTRAL VENOUS CATHETER

Background (JVIR 2007;18:1232–40)

Technique

DRAINAGE CATHETER-RELATED COMPLICATIONS

Background (Semin Intervent Radiol 2006;23:194–204)

Catheter has Come Out (RadioGraphics 2002;22:305–22)

Should the Catheter Come Out?

Catheter Site Infection

Bleeding

Pericatheter Leakage (Semin Intervent Radiol 2015;32:67–77)

Catheter Dislodgement

Catheter Obstruction

CONTRAST REACTIONS

ACLS

INDEX

 

An aparitie	1 Jan. 2019
Autor	RAHIM
Dimensiuni	12.19 x 2.29 x 18.8 cm
Editura	LWW
Format	Spiral-bound
ISBN	9781496389725
Limba	Engleza
Nr pag	400