Atlas of Surgical Techniques in Trauma

 

Description:

As surgical specialization becomes more focused, there is a growing lack of expertise amongst surgeons in life-preserving management of severely injured patients. This comprehensively updated second edition provides an in-depth, visual guide to both commonly and uncommonly performed trauma procedures. It includes over 900 high-quality color photographs and illustrations of step-by-step procedures on fresh, perfused and ventilated cadavers. Practical surgical anatomy, procedural sequencing, and common technical pitfalls are all clearly outlined. A number of new techniques have been introduced since the first edition, from REBOA (resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aortic), to ribplating for flail chest and skin grafting. Informed by the editors' experience in some of the busiest trauma centres in the world, the text has been updated throughout and includes additional photographs. This Atlas is an essential resource for trainee and operating trauma surgeons, and general surgeons distant from academic centres, as well as emergency medicine and critical care personnel.

 

 

Table of Contents:

 

Section 1 The Trauma Operating Room

Chapter 1 Trauma Operating Room

General Principles

Setup and Equipment

Warming

Blood

Communication with Anesthesia Team

Section 2 Resuscitative Procedures in the Emergency Room

Chapter 2 Cricothyroidotomy

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Instruments

Patient Positioning

Technique of Open Cricothyroidotomy

Technique of Percutaneous Cricothyroidotomy

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 3 Thoracostomy Tube Insertion

General Principles

Positioning

Site of Tube Insertion

Open Technique

Percutaneous Technique

Removal of the Chest Tube

Autotransfusion

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 4 Emergency Room Resuscitative Thoracotomy

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Surgical Instruments

Positioning

Incision

Procedure

Open Cardiac Massage

Internal Cardiac Defibrillation

Pharmacological Treatment of Cardiac Arrest

Epicardial Pacing

Aortic Cross-Clamping

Air Embolism

Hilar Occlusion

Hilar Twist

Atrial Infusion

Incision Closure

Tips and Pitfalls

Section 3 Head

Chapter 5 Intracranial Pressure Monitors

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Types of ICP Monitors

Intraventricular Catheters

Microtransducers

Special Surgical Instruments

Patient Positioning

Procedure

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 6 Evacuation of Acute Epidural and Subdural Hematomas

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Indications for Surgical Intervention

Special Surgical Instruments

Patient Positioning

Incision for Craniotomy

Technical Pitfalls

Burr Holes and Bone Flap Removal

Technical Pitfalls

Evacuation of Hematoma and Bleeding Control

Technical Pitfalls

Closure

Technical Pitfalls

Section 4 Neck

Chapter 7 Neck Operations for Trauma: General Principles

Surface Anatomy

General Principles

Positioning

Special Instruments

Skin Preparation

Incisions

Pitfalls

Chapter 8 Carotid Artery and Internal Jugular Vein Injuries

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Surgical Instruments

Positioning

Incisions

Operative Techinique

Exposure

Repair

Wound Closure

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 9 Subclavian Vessels

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Surgical Instruments

Positioning

Incisions

Exposure through a Clavicular Incision

Exposure through a Combined Clavicular Incision and Median Sternotomy

Exposure through a Supraclavicular Incision

Exposure through a ''Trap-Door'' Incision

Vascular Reconstruction

Wound Closure

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 10 Axillary Vessels

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Surgical Instruments

Positioning

Incision

Vascular Exposure

Vascular Injury Management

Closure

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 11 Vertebral Artery Injuries

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Surgical Instruments

Positioning

Exposure of Part I of the VA

Incision

Exposure

Sternocleidomastoid Incision Approach

Incision

Exposure

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 12 Trachea and Larynx

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Instruments

Patient Positioning

Incisions

Repair

Pitfalls

Chapter 13 Cervical Esophagus

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Instruments

Patient Positioning

Incisions

Esophageal Exposure

Repair

Pitfalls

Section 5 Chest

Chapter 14 General Principles of Chest Trauma Operations

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Positioning

Median Sternotomy/Anterolateral Thoracotomy/ Clamshell

Posterolateral Thoracotomy

Incision(s)

Median Sternotomy

Closure of Median Sternotomy

Anterolateral Thoracotomy

Closure of Anterolateral Thoracotomy Incision

Clamshell Incision

Closure of Clamshell Incision

Posterolateral Thoracotomy

Closure of Posterolateral Thoracotomy

Technical Pitfalls

Chapter 15 Cardiac Injuries

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Surgical Instruments

Patient Positioning

Incisions

Median Sternotomy Incision

Left Thoracotomy Incision

Tips and Pitfalls

Pericardiotomy

Tips and Pitfalls

Bleeding Control and Cardiac Repair

Pericardial Closure

Technical Pitfalls

Closure of Median Sternotomy

Tips and Pitfalls

Postoperative Care

Chapter 16 Thoracic Vessels

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Surgical Instruments

Patient Positioning

Positioning for Upper Mediastinal Vascular Injuries

Positioning for Exposure of the Descending Thoracic Aorta

Incisions

Median Sternotomy

Clamshell Incision

Posterolateral Thoracotomy

Exposures

Exposure of the Upper Mediastinal Vessels

Exposure of the Descending Thoracic Aorta

Management of Mediastinal Venous Injuries

Management of Mediastinal Arterial Injuries

Innominate Artery and Proximal Right Carotid Artery

Proximal Left Carotid Artery

Proximal Subclavian Artery

Descending Thoracic Aorta

Technical Pitfalls

Chapter 17 Lungs

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Surgical Instruments

Anesthesia Considerations

Positioning

Incisions

Median Sternotomy

Anterolateral Thoracotomy

Clamshell Thoracotomy

Operative Techniques

Pneumonorrhaphy

Lung Tractotomy

Wedge Resection

Nonanatomic Lobe Resection

Pneumonectomy

Closure

Complications

Air Embolism

Right Heart Failure

Pitfalls

Chapter 18 Thoracic Esophagus

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Surgical Instruments

Anesthesia Considerations

Patient Positioning

Incisions

Standard Posterolateral Thoracotomy

Exposure of the Thoracic Esophagus

Repair of the Esophagus

Exposure and Repair of the Intra-abdominal Esophagus

Tissue Reinforcement Options

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 19 Diaphragm

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Instruments

Laparoscopic Repair

Positioning

Trocar Placement

Repair

Open Repair

Positioning

Incision

Exposure

Repair

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 20 Surgical Fixation of Rib Fractures

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Instruments

Patient Positioning

Surgical Technique

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 21 Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Evacuation of Retained Hemothorax

General Principles

Patient Preparation and Positioning

Equipment

Surgical Technique

Tips and Pitfalls

Section 6 Abdomen

Chapter 22 General Principles of Abdominal Operations for Trauma

Surgical Anatomy

General Technical Principles

Positioning of Patient and Skin Preparation

Incisions

Special Instruments

Abdominal Exploration

Intestinal Anastomosis

Abdominal Closure

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 23 Damage Control Surgery

General Principles

Damage Control in the Abdomen

Temporary Control of Abdominal Bleeding

Control of Intestinal Spillage

Temporary Abdominal Wall Closure

Definitive Fascia Closure

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 24 Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA)

General Principles

Surgical Anatomy

Special Instruments

Insertion Techniques

Insertion of an Introducer Sheath

Insertion and Positioning of a REBOA Catheter

Inflation of the Balloon

Removal

Complications

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 25 Gastrointestinal Tract

Special Surgical Instruments

Positioning

Incisions

Stomach

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Gastroesophageal Junction Injuries

Pyloric Injuries

Tips and Pitfalls

Small Intestine

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Tips and Pitfalls

Colon

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Tips and Pitfalls

Rectum

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Tips and Pitfalls

War-Related Colorectal Injuries

Chapter 26 Duodenum

Surgical Anatomy

General Surgical Principles

Special Surgical Instruments

Positioning

Incision

Operative Technique

Exposure

Repair

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 27 Liver and Biliary Tract Injuries

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Surgical Instruments

Positioning

Incisions

Operative Techniques

Extrahepatic Biliary Tract Injuries

Postoperative Complications

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 28 Splenic Injuries

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Surgical Instruments

Positioning and Incision

Exposure

Splenectomy

Splenorrhaphy

Partial Splenectomy

Splenic Mesh

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 29 Pancreas

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Surgical Instruments

Positioning

Incision

Exposure

Management of Pancreatic Injuries

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 30 Urological Trauma

Surgical Anatomy

Kidney

Ureter

Bladder

Kidney Injuries

General Principles

Patient Positioning

Incision

Kidney Exposure

Proximal Renal Vascular Control

Direct Kidney Exposure without Prior Vascular Control

Renal Injury Repair

Partial Nephrectomy

Nephrectomy

Technical Pitfalls

Postoperative Care

Ureter Injury

General Principles

Repair of the Proximal and Mid Ureter

Repair of the Distal Ureter

Technique of Ureteral Double-J Stent Placement

Technical Pitfalls

Postoperative Care

Bladder Injury

General Principles

Repair of Bladder Injury

Postoperative Care

Technical Pitfalls

Chapter 31 Abdominal Aorta and Splachnic Vessels

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Surgical Instruments

Positioning

Incision

Exposure

Exploration of Zone 1

Supraceliac Aortic Control

Exposure of the Supramesocolic Aorta and Visceral Branches

Exposure of the Inframesocolic Aorta

Exploration of Zone 2

Exploration of Zone 3

Celiac Artery

Superior Mesenteric Artery

Renal Artery

Inferior Mesenteric Artery

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 32 Iliac Vessel Injuries

Anatomy of the Iliac Vessels

General Principles

Special Surgical Instruments

Positioning

Incisions

Operative Technique

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 33 Inferior Vena Cava

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Surgical Instruments

Patient Positioning

Incisions

Exposure

Hemorrhage Control and Venous Repair

Suprarenal, Juxtarenal, and Infrarenal IVC

Retrohepatic IVC

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 34 Cesarean Section

Surgical Anatomy

Physiologic Changes in Pregnancy

General Principles

Special Surgical Instruments and Sutures

Preoperative Preparation

Incision

Procedure

Perimortem Cesarean Section

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 35 Emergency Hysterectomy

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Surgical Instruments and Sutures

Preoperative Preparation

Incision

Procedure

Tips and Pitfalls

Section 7 Pelvic Fractures and Bleeding

Chapter 36 Damage Control for Pelvic Fracture Bleeding

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Management of Pelvic Fracture Bleeding

Damage Control Operations

Special Requirements

Patient Positioning

Extra-Peritoneal Pelvic Packing

The USC Approach of Intraperitoneal Packing Damage Control

REBOA Balloon Catheter Aortic Occlusion

Tips and Pitfalls

Section 8 Upper Extremities

Chapter 37 Brachial Artery Injury

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Surgical Instruments

Positioning

Incision

Exposure

Vascular Repair

Temporary Shunt

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 38 Upper Extremity Fasciotomies

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Surgical Instruments

Positioning

Upper Arm Fasciotomy

Forearm and Hand Fasciotomies

Incisions

Fasciotomy Wound Management

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 39 Upper Extremity Amputations

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Instruments

Patient Positioning

Above Elbow Amputation

Incision

Procedure

Below Elbow Amputation

Incision

Procedure

Tips and Pitfalls

Section 9 Lower Extremities

Chapter 40 Femoral Artery Injuries

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Positioning

Incision(s)

Exposure and Procedure

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 41 Popliteal Vessels

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Instruments

Positioning

Incision

Exposure

Management of the Injured Vessel

Other Considerations

Pitfalls

Chapter 42 Harvesting of Saphenous Vein

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Patient Preparation and Positioning

Equipment

Surgical Technique

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 43 Lower Extremity Amputations

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Surgical Instruments

Patient Positioning

Above-Knee Amputation

Technical Tips and Pitfalls

Below-Knee Amputation

Tips and Pitfalls

Guillotine Amputation (Below Knee)

Post-operative Care

Chapter 44 Lower Extremity Fasciotomies

Surgical Anatomy

General Principles

Special Instruments

Technique of Compartment Pressure Measurement

Gluteal Compartment Fasciotomy

Patient Positioning

Incisions

Procedure

Thigh Fasciotomy

Patient Positioning

Incisions

Procedure

Lateral Incision

Medial Incision

Lower Leg Fasciotomy

Patient Positioning

Incisions

Lateral Incision

Medial Incision

Foot Fasciotomy

Incisions

Procedure

Fasciotomy Wound Management

Pitfalls

Section 10 Orthopedic Damage Control

Chapter 45 Orthopedic Damage Control

General Principles

Special Equipment

Positioning of Patient

Management of Specific Fractures

Mid-Shaft Tibia Fracture

Distal Tibia and Fibula Fracture/Ankle Instability

Mid-Shaft Femur Fractures

Distal Femur/Proximal Tibia

''Floating Knee''

Pin Care

Tips and Pitfalls

Section 11 Soft Tissues

Chapter 46 Skin Graft Technique

General Principles

Special Equipment

Preoperative Considerations

Surgical Procedure

Excision/Wound Bed Prep

Hemostasis

Harvesting the Graft

Graft Placement

Graft Dressing and Immobilization

Donor Site Dressing

Post-operative Management

Sheet Grafts

Meshed Grafts

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 47 Negative Pressure Therapy for Soft Tissue Wounds

General Principles

Equipment

Technique

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 48 Escharotomy in Burns

General Principles

Equipment

Technique

General

Torso

Arm and Forearm

Hand and Digits

Lower Extremity

Tips and Pitfalls

Chapter 49 Temporary Vascular Shunts

General Principles

Special Instruments

Patient Positioning

Technique

Tips and Pitfalls

Index

 

An aparitie	02 Jan 2020
Autor	Demetrios Demetriades, Kenji Inaba, George Velmahos
Dimensiuni	227 x 282 x 26 mm
Editura	Cambridge University Press
Format	Hardcover
ISBN	9781108477048
Limba	Engleza
Nr pag	477